Dog Allergy

Allergy to dogs is a common condition, particularly in individuals who have other allergies or asthma. It occurs when a person's immune system reacts to certain proteins found in dog urine, saliva, and dander (dead skin cells).

What Is Allergy to Dogs?

Allergy to dogs is an allergic reaction to specific proteins found in a dog's skin cells, urine, or saliva. Unlike a simple dislike or fear of dogs, a dog allergy is a physical response by the immune system. This response can lead to various symptoms, ranging from mild to severe, and can impact one’s quality of life.

Causes of Allergy to Dogs

The primary cause of dog allergy is the immune system's response to proteins in a dog's dander, saliva, or urine. In people with allergies, their immune system mistakenly identifies these harmless proteins as a threat and releases chemicals, such as histamine, to protect the body. This reaction leads to allergy symptoms.

Allergens Include:

  • Can f 1: A protein primarily found in dog saliva.

  • Can f 2: A protein found in dog urine.

  • Dander: Microscopic flecks of skin shed by dogs, often containing these proteins.

Signs and Symptoms of Dog Allergy

Symptoms of dog allergy can range from mild to severe and may include:

  • Respiratory Symptoms: Sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and asthma attacks.

  • Skin Reactions: Eczema, hives, or a rash on the face, neck, or chest.

  • Ocular Symptoms: Red, itchy, watery eyes and swelling around the eyes.

Severe reactions, though rare, can lead to anaphylaxis, a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention.

Risk Factors of Allergy to Dogs

Several factors can increase the risk of developing an allergy to dogs:

  • Family History: A family history of allergies or asthma.

  • Existing Allergies or Asthma: Those with other allergies or asthma are more likely to develop a dog allergy.

  • Exposure in Early Life: Early childhood exposure to dogs may either increase or decrease the risk of allergies, depending on various factors, including the individual's genetic predisposition.

  • Occupational Exposure: Veterinarians, dog groomers, and kennel workers have a higher exposure to dog allergens.

How Is Cat Allergy Diagnosed?

Diagnosing a dog allergy involves a combination of a physical examination, medical history analysis, and specific allergy tests:

  • Medical History: Involves discussing symptoms and potential exposures to dogs.

  • Physical Examination: Focusing on the nose, eyes, throat, lungs, and skin.

  • Allergy Testing:

    • Skin Prick Test: Small amounts of purified allergen extracts, including dog allergens, are pricked onto the skin surface. A reaction indicates an allergy.

    • Blood Test: Measures the level of IgE antibodies in response to dog allergens.

Treatments for Cat Allergy

While there is no cure for dog allergies, several treatments can help alleviate symptoms:

  • Avoidance: The most effective treatment is to avoid exposure to dogs.

  • Medications:

    • Antihistamines: Reduce sneezing, sniffling, and itching.

    • Decongestants: Relieve nasal congestion.

    • Nasal corticosteroids: Reduce inflammation in the nose.

    • Leukotriene inhibitors: Block the action of certain immune system chemicals.

  • Immunotherapy (Allergy Shots): Can help build tolerance over time.

  • Emergency Epinephrine: For those with severe reactions.

Preventive Measure to Avoid Cat Allergy

To Reduce Exposure

  • Restricting Access: Keep dogs out of bedrooms and off upholstered furniture.

  • Cleaning: Regularly clean homes, including floors and walls, using HEPA filters in vacuum cleaners and air purifiers.

  • Bathing and Grooming: Regularly bathe and groom the dog to reduce the amount of dander.

  • Choose Hypoallergenic Breeds: Some breeds are believed to produce fewer allergens.

  • Use Allergen-Reducing Products: There are various sprays and solutions designed to reduce pet allergens.

Lifestyle Adaptations

  • Allergen-Proof Bedding: Use covers that keep out dust mites and animal dander.

  • Regular Hand Washing: Especially after handling the dog.

  • Improve Ventilation: Ensure good air flow in living spaces.

Medication Strategies

  • Preventive Medication: Taking antihistamines or nasal corticosteroids before exposure.

  • Regular Check-Ups: Regular visits to an allergist can help manage symptoms.

Immunotherapy Considerations

  • Long-Term Commitment: Immunotherapy requires a long-term commitment but can significantly reduce symptoms and medication requirements.

Contact Dr. Lubitz Today and Arrange a Consultation

If your asthma or allergies are getting you down, don’t suffer needlessly. Same-day appointments are available. We have multiple offices throughout Manhattan.